Application of distribution power switchboard
These types of panels are used as one of the industrial electrical tools to distribute electricity through the main electrical panel to different parts of a complex.
The weak pressure power distribution panel is also known in the market as Distribution Panel, Shatter distribution panel and distribution panel. By connecting to the low voltage section of the transformer, the power distribution board performs its main task of distributing power to sub-circuits (the entire system). The power distribution board itself is divided into sections; each of which performs its respective task and is offered to dear customers in the following types at Famco Hyper Industry:
- The main power distribution board
- Semi-main power distribution panel
- Facilities sub-panel
- Lighting sub-panel
Technical specifications of distribution board
The right choice of electrical distribution board is due to its functional nature.
- First level: These keys are used to cut off the entire power distribution board.
- Second level: The keys in this level are the sub-categories of level one keys, in which different types of keys can be found.
- Third level: These keys are known as master distributors.
The electrical distribution board has various uses in different industries. Now, if we do not choose the key correctly, if an error occurs in the output and the downstream keys do not work properly, at this time the level one keys, i.e. the upstream keys, come into action and cut off the entire flow of the system; Of course, shutting down the entire system for a small error will not be a pleasant experience for the user. In order to solve this problem, it should be noted in the electrical circuit design of the power distribution board that the short-circuit breaking power of the switch at the branch head is higher than the breaking power of the sub-branch equipment, that in case of an error in any of the sub-branches, the only protection key related to The same branch should work and only that part of the circuit should be cut off and the main switch should not cut off all the circuits.
The distribution panel, like other panels, can be customized according to the customer’s request, which are often sliding, fixed and plug-in. In this type of panels, branches are fed by various protective equipment such as breakers and are connected to each other with cables, buses and wires according to the type of circuit design.
The distribution board must be very strong and practical. If the principles are followed during the construction of the electrical distribution board, they will have a long life. In addition to electricity distribution, these panels are used to maintain the safety of electrical equipment and the safety of the entire system, as well as the safety of people who are in contact with the equipment as operators. The degree of protection in the distribution panel must be determined depending on the place where the panel is to be installed.
Technical specifications of distribution board
- Nominal voltage: 230 V single phase and 380 to 660 V three phase alternating
- Frequency: 40 to 60 Hz
- Rated current: up to 5000 amps
- Ability to withstand short circuit current in one second: up to 100 kA
- Has IEC 439 standard
- Degree of protection: from IP40 to IP54 according to IEC 529 standard
Distribution switchboard equipment
The following equipment is used in the electrical distribution panel to execute commands and request power and command circuits according to an electrical map; which can change according to the needs of the consumer.
- Air keys
- Miniature switches with contactors and relays
- Automatic or thermal keys
- Measuring Equipment
- Monitors
- Busbars and cables and terminals
- Step and start chassis, etc
Types of electrical distribution panels
The distribution switchboard can generally be divided into the following categories.
- Main power distribution board: These boards are connected to the transformers from the low pressure side.
- Semi-main power distribution board: This type of board feeds from the main power distribution board and is responsible for supplying electricity to a part of the complex.
- Facilities sub-panel: these sub-panels are used in the distribution and control of electricity in certain parts of the building such as engine rooms, etc.; In other words, the sub-panel of the facility is used to control special electrical systems.
- Lighting sub-panel: The lighting sub-panel is also fed from the main panel and is used to distribute and control public switches and lighting electricity.
Electricity distribution boards can be classified in terms of application and structure, which we mention a few of them.
Types of electrical distribution panels in terms of application
- Weak pressure distribution board
- Final distribution switchboard
- Universal distribution switchboard
- Operational distribution switchboard
Types of distribution switchboards in terms of structure
Full standing distribution panel
Wall-mounted distribution panel
Sliding switchboard
Fixed operating switchboard
Detachable electrical panel
Design and manufacture of electrical distribution panel
In the design and construction of the distribution board, we need two types of maps, including riser diagram maps and the map inside the board.
- Riser Diagram Map: This map specifies where the distribution switchboard is to be installed.
- Map inside the board: This map specifies the lines of fuses and switches.
For example, the role of distribution board in the system of a factory is known as a device with very high protection to control and divide the incoming current into different sub-branches. In fact, the power distribution board is connected to an overhead switch by a certain number of feeders. Suppose there are several engines, pumps and other consumers in a set, each of which should be protected by appropriate equipment with their respective power level, or depending on the intended use, they should be used according to the defined command. To realize this purpose and design an optimal distribution switchboard, the following elements can be taken into consideration.
- Designing the appropriate control circuit according to the required performance
- The current consumption of each device
- single-phase or three-phase consumer
Required protections such as phase control and load control and appropriate electrical and mechanical interlocks - Maximum insulation breakdown current and maximum short circuit current